Two types of axle were fitted to the Mk2 Escort.

The Timken (or Type C) also known as 'English'.
This is distinguished by the diff bolting from the input flange side.

The Salisbury (or Type E)also known as 'Baby Atlas'
This is distinguished by the diff bolting from rear of casing.

The following are the known axle ratios as fitted to the Standard Mk2 Escort Saloon range.

Axle Ratios

	Ratio 'C' Type Axle					Ratio 'E' Type Axle
1100cc	12 inch wheels	3.89			1100cc	Standard	4.11
1100cc	13 inch wheels	4.125			1100cc	Optional	4.44
1100cc	Optional	4.44			1100cc	Weber carb Std 2V model	4.44
1300cc	Standard	3.89			1300cc	Standard	3.89
1300cc	Optional	4.125			1300cc	Optional	4.11
1300cc	Weber carb Std. 2V model (Ghia)	4.125			1300cc	Weber carb std 2V model(Ghia)	4.11
1300cc	Weber carb optional	4.44			1300cc	Weber carb optional	4.44
1600cc	Weber carb 2V model	3.54
1998cc	RS2000	3.66

Indentification

If you are lucky and someone hasn't messed with the axle then you should find a small tag under one of the diff casing nuts.
This tag will carry various numbers and also the diff ratio.
If you are unlucky then the only reliable method of determining the ratio is to remove the diff and count the crownwheel and pinion teeth.
(Yes, I know of the rotating method of determining the ratio, BUT I've never had success with accurately identifying the ratio.)
Using the following table you can determine the ratio.